Att ys



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. ILLINGWORTH.

INGOT FORMING APPARATUS Patented May 8, 1888.

WW V W W J U x F Lingwo'ntip', BY AM, WATT'YS.

(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

' J. ILLING W ORTH. INGOT FORMING APPARATUS.

No. 382,427. r 4 Patented May 8, 18881.

N, EETERs. Pmmma ra hn, wumnman, D. C

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 J. ILLINGWO'RTHQ INGOT FORMING'APPARATUS.

No. 382,427. Patented May 8,1888.

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' BY ATT'YS.

n. PETERS, Pholo-Lltbogrlpber. Wnhinflcn. n c.

UNITED STATES PATENT UEErGE.

JOHN ILLINGWORTH, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

lNGOT-FORMING APPARATUS.

EiPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 382,427, dated May 8,1888. Application filed January 4, 1888. Serial No. 259,774. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN ILLINGWORTH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, 1n the county of Essex and State of New J ersey,have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Ingot-FormingApparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appcrtains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates more particularly to certain improvements in thatclass of apparatus for casting ingots illustrated by me in pendingapplications, and particularly the one illustrated in applicationnumbered 241,163, the object of this invention being primarily toprevent piping in the process of casting steel ingots.

The particular or more restricted objects of the invention areto reducethecost of casting, to carry on the process more conveniently andeffectively, and to reduce the cost of the plant required for carryingon the process.

The invention consists in the improved apparatus for casting ingots, andin thearrangements and combinations of parts thereof, substantially aswill be hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, embraced in threeshcets, inwhich like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in each ofthe several figures, Figure 1, Sheet 1, is an elevation of a central.frame-wo1'l ,wliich may be built in a pit of the steel-works, which saidframe-work is adapted to receive mold-sections,and showing saidmold-sections in place therein. Fig. 2 is a detail plan of themoldsections and parts of said frame. Fig. 3 is an elevation showing theside ofsaid frame and mold or portions thereof, and showing the relationof certain breaking-off or severing mechanism to the same. a boltadapted to be keyed to the mold to hold certain sections thereoftogether, and Fig. 5 is a plan of a key which may be employed with saidbolt. Fig. 6, Sheet 2, is a central vertical section of the apparatus,illustrating the first step in the process of casting. Fig. 7 is asection illustrating a second step. Fig. 8,

Fig. 4 is a detail of.

device for severing the lower part of theingot from the body thereof inone of the final stages of the process. r

In said drawings, a a indicate certain studs arranged inthe pit b, andwhich may form the four corners of an iron frame-work, and be held inproper relation to one another by cross bars or pieces a c, in anysuitable manner. At a point above the bottom of the pit the said frameis provided with a suitable flooring, d, the distance between theflooring and the bottom of the pit being about two feet, or about thelength of the desired ingot. Said flooring may be, and preferably is, ofsufficient area to allow a workman to stand thereon and to attend tocertain operations in the process of casting. Said flooring isperforated at about; the centeror in line with the ingot being castthereover, the perforation 6 being of about the dimensions of the ingotin cross-section, but sufficiently larger to allow the ingot to passreadily through the same without forcing, but not large enough to allowthe mold-sections to pass through the said flooring, the said flooringthus serving as a stop for said moldsections, but not for the ingot.

In the frame-work above the tlooring'aro arranged suitable verticalguideways, f, or tracks, in or between which moldsectionsgg may slidedownward in accordance with certain steps in the process hereinafter described. Said guideways terminate short of the flooring d,to allow thelower mold-sections to be stripped from the ingot before the latterpasses through to the chamber a, a strippingspace, a, being thus formed.Said guideways are provided with holders 9, which may be large setscrewsprovided with hand-wheels 9 said holders being adapted to prevent thedownward movement of the n oldscctious, so that they will not fall bygravity when the lower one of the series is removed. Said holders may bein a series to hold the mold-sections at various points in'the frame.Said They are ICO ' end of the ingot-chamber.

provided with ears h, having open slots, into which bolts j, withwedge-like keys 7c, are inserted to hold the parts together,substantially as in the manner illustrated in Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5. Saidmold-sections are bottomless, so that when placed in a series one uponthe other, as indicated in Fig. 6, the chamber-for the cast metal willbe a continuous one, extending through the'scries. The joints betweenthe mold sections may or may not be packed with clay or other suitablematerial.

I may employ in beginning the casting process a' plug or dummy forclosing the lower In subsequent operations the ingots or ingot portionpreviously cast serves as a dummy or bottom of the mold for the nextcasting. The lowest ofthe moldsections (marked 9) which is used at thecommencement of the process. is longer than those employed subsequently,as will be clearly apparent in Fig. 3, for a purpose that will beclearly brought out in the description of the process.

The top of the mold and the frame-work cc is about on alevel with theflooring or yard m, adjacent to the pit. An access to the top of themold is gained by means of suitable bridging or flooring, Z, whichextends from said flooring to and around said molds. Thus an attendantis allowed to pour the molten metal into the elevated end of the mold.Said flooring may be covered with sheet-iron and soil, whereby anymolten metal falling from theladie is prevented from dropping upon themen at the lower end of the mold within the pit.

The sides of the mold are provided with a longitudinal recess to receivethe rails or tracks f, although the said rails may berecessed to receivethe mold or projection thereon.

In operating with the mold sections and cooperating mechanisms inaccordance with the process, I first hold the mold-section g by means ofset-screws or holders 9 as in Fig. 6,

so that the open upper end thereof will be about on a level with oralittle above the flooring 1. The bottom of themold is suitably plugged,as at 9. The said moldsection is partly filled with metal to an extentequal to or about equal to the length of the desired final ingot oringot-section or part that is equal to the length of the mold g, theupper part of the mold-section chamber remaining empty to an extentequal to the thickness of the flooring d. The moldsection 9 is thenallowed to lower to the position illustrated in Fig. 7 by removing theholding mechanism from engagement therewith until room is given for asecond moldsection above the first, when the lower section is stopped inits gravitation by the second lower holder, 9 (shown in Figs. 1, 3, and6,) and a second mold-section is in serted in the space thus provided.Thelower part of the second mold-section and the chamber remaining inthe first is then filled with a second pouring of metal, which makes acontact with the first casting, now partly solid,

so that as the first said casting continues to solidify the upper liquidmetal is drawn into the chamber or pipe that would otherwise have beenformed, and the ingot or the series of ingot parts are made solid at andnear thejoining. The holding devices are again withdrawn from the moldand the series is allowed to gravitate again until stopped by theflooring or stop d, as in Fig. 8, (if the series is to consist of threemold-sections,)' and a third mold-section is placed at the top toreceive the molten metal. By this time the metal first cast is solid, orsufficiently so to allow the first mold-section to be stripped from theingot. The attendant then removes the keys It and boltsj from the earsh, and the parts of the lowest mold sections are removed from the ingot,the ingot then being free to pass through thefperforation e in theflooring to the chamber n beneath, as in Fig. 9. After the ingot is freeof the flooring or .fulcrumal bearing and the surrounding mold,the plugg-which may be separated from the ingot by asbestus or clay-may dropaway from the ingot, tor the said plug may remain connected with theingot-and be removed subsequently in any suitable or ordinary manner.Before removing the said lowest mold section the upper sections aresecured in place by the holders 9, as will be understood. The upper partof the second mold and lower, part of the third mold having been filledwith molten metal, and the first casting bared, the holders are againwithdrawn and the series of sections with the series of castings thereinagain gravitate until again stopped by the flooring d, the bared portionof the ingot now projecting into the chamber a. \Vhile I prefer the useof the long mold-g, to enable me to bring the joint formed when the flowof metal is stopped below the flooring, such mold may be dispensed withand all the molds be of a given length. In that case the ingot maybesevered from the body-casting at any point therein. The joint is notor need not be of such a nature as to vitiate the ingot. However, inpractice, I prefer that the joint be brought at, or approximatel y at,the fulcrumal bearings of the flooring or stop d. The bared portion isthen severed by means of a hydraulic device, 0, (shown in Figs. 3, 6,and 7,) which has been shown and claimed specifically in a prior pendingapplication, No. 245,992; but the severing operation can be carried onby any process or mechanism, though that shown is preferred. Suchpreferred mechanism consists of a piston,

0, having arms 0 0, which engage opposite I is brought to the under sideof the flooring by making the second casting in the operation abovedescribed project into the first mold, so that said joint is brought orformed below the bottom of the second mold-section, as will be evident.Thus when the first section, 9, is stripped from the ingot, the jointwill be allowed to pass through the perforation e, and when the loweringis stopped by the second moldsection engaging the flooring the saidjoint will lie on a line with the under side of the flooring d, where itserves to make more easy the operation of severing. Because the metalintroduced into the mold-sections at a pouring is about equal to thecapacity of the smaller mold-sections, and because the metal of thesubsequent pourings passes into the chambers formed in the lowermoldsections, a chamber equal to' the thickness of the flooring isformed in each repetition of casting.

The operation above described of allowing the moldsections to lower withthe ingot there in, introducing an upper moldsection and stripping theingot of the lower mold-section, and'then allowing the bared ingot todrop through the perforation 6 into the chamber a,

and there be broken off or severed into parts, may be repeated until allthe metal of a heat is consumed.

The long mold'section, g, is not, or at least may not, be used again inthe continuous operatious, the smaller-mold sections, 9, being all ofuniform size, and alone used after the long section is stripped from thecasting. The mold-sections may be arranged between the tracks or ways bymeans of a crane, or by hand-power alone.

By the automatic lowering of the ingot and mold sections by their owngravity the use of means for lowering-such as the elevator described inmy prior application-is avoided, and not only is the cost of the plantreduced materially, but I accomplish the results with greater facility,gaining much time which would otherwise be lost inmanipulating theelevator, inasmuch as the metal hardens with greater rapidity.

Having thus described the invention,whatI claim as new is- 1. In aningot apparatus, the combination, with a frame-work havingstripping-spaces n and a severing. chamber, of a series of moldsections,and holders adapted to be withdrawn from said sections to allow saidsections to gravitate, and means for severing the ingot, said partsbeing arranged and combined sub stantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a series of ingotmold sections arrangedvertically in line and adapted to be stripped from the ingot, ofastop,d, for limitingthe downward movement of the mold without limiting themovement of the ingot, and means for severing the stripped ingot,substantially as set forth.

3. In an ingot apparatus, the combination, with a frame having suitableways,f, and an apertured stop or flooring, d, of a series of molds andmeans for severing the ingot, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

4:. In an ingot apparatus, the combination, with a suitable frame havingsuitable ways, f, a fulcrum, and a mo1d-stop adapted to serve as aholder or hearing in severing the ingot and for limiting the downwardprogress of the mold, of said mold and means for severing the ingot,substantially as set forth.

5. In combination,-in an ingot apparatus, a frame having holders forpreventing downward movement, and a stripping-space, a stop, and meansfor severing said lower portion, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a series of ingotmold sections formed in partsections or halves, of a holder to retain certain upper sections of saidseries in an elevated position, while cer tain lower sections of saidseries are being stripped, and means for severing the bared portion oftheingot from the body portion, substantially as set forth.

Z. In combination, a frame having a strip ping-space and asevering-chamber below said stripping space, suitable ways, f, formold-sections, holders 9, perforated flooring d, and severing means,substantially as set forth.

8. In combination, a frame, suitable ways, f, set-screws g and aperforated flooring serving as a stop for limiting the gravitation ofthe mold-sections and as a passage for the ingot, and means forsevering'the ingot, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. In an ingot-mold, the combination of a series of short mold-sections,a long mold-section, and a frame having a flooring adapted to allow thedownward progress of the ingot but not the said moldsections,substantially as set forth.

10. In an ingot apparatus, ,in combination, a frame having holders, aseries of mold-sections adapted to be stripped from the casting and freeto drop automaticallyinto a strippingspace into engagement with aflooring or stop, and means for severing the stripped portion of theingot, substantially as set'forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing Ihave hereunto set my hand this24th day of December, 1887.

JOHN ILLINGWORIH.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. PELL, OSCAR A. MIoHEL.

